I have been part of the Low-Frequency Radio Lab at Georgia Tech for almost a year now. The lab is focused on developing receivers and preamplifiers to capture reflected radio waves from the ionosphere and understand the science physics of that portion of the earth’s atmosphere. Since the beginning of my Freshman year, I have focused understanding and designing the electronics of the receiver and pre-amplifier. I started by assembling the boxes of the receiver which included an NI-DAQ, power supply converter, low-pass filter, and USB and ethernet peripherals. The preamplifier contained an antenna input jack, transformer, and amplifier circuit. I honed a lot of my hands-on skills, including crimping and soldering.
During the second semester, I began understanding the inner-working of the preamplifier box, which had the signal amplifier that used BJT transistors. I learned about BJTs in their full-blown form and understood how constant frequency response amplifiers are designed. I also learned about the specific looped antenna that was being used to capture the current radio signals of focus, which are the Navy VLF signals that are in the few kilohertz range. I used my Electromagnetics knowledge from class and read up on some antenna theory to grasp these concepts.
Now, in the summer, I have been given the task to redesign the low-pass filter and move the passband from 470 kHz to 940 kHz. I have been researching a bunch on how filter chips and circuits are designed. I also learned how to use LTSpice and create Bode plots of the different types of chips I have been experimenting with. The task after redesigning the filter is to make a DAQ that has a 2 MHz sampling frequency, which is double of the sampling frequency of the NI-DAQ currently being used on the receiver. The goal is to move the sensitivity frequency of this radio signal gathering system to the hundreds of kilohertz range, which will enable the lab to capture signals from AM radio towers around the world. The problem with the Navy signals are that there are not that many of them. Gathering the AM radio towers will allow for more of these signals to be analyze and to study more unique phenomenon of the ionosphere.
I plan to have another post once I finish making the low-pass filter, and it will detail the electronics, so be on the lookout for that!